JAMB Physics Past Questions & Answers - Page 7

31.

An explosion occurs at an altitude of 312 m above the ground. If the air temperature is -10.00°C, how long does it take the sound to reach the ground?

[velocity of sound at \(0^oC\) = 331 ms-1]

A.

0.94s

B.

0.96s

C.

0.93s

D.

0.95s

Correct answer is B

d=312m.,T =263\(-10^°c\) = -10+273K = 263K, t=?

v= 331√ \(\frac{T}{273}\)

⇒ v = 331×√ \(\frac{263}{273}\)

⇒ v = 324.88 \(ms^-1\)

⇒ v = \(\frac{d}{t}\)

t = \(\frac{d}{t}\) = \(\frac {312}{324.88}\)

t = 0.96s

 

 

32.

The diagram above illustrates the penetrating power of some types of radiation. X, Y and Z are likely

A.

X = α-particle; Y = γ-ray; Z = β-particle

B.

X = α-particle; Y = β-particle; Z = γ-ray

C.

X = γ-ray; Y = α-particle; Z = β-particle

D.

X = β-particle; Y = γ-ray; Z = α-particle

Correct answer is C

The penetrating power of alpha rays, beta rays, and gamma rays varies greatly. Alpha particles can be blocked by a few pieces of paper. Beta particles pass through paper but are stopped by aluminum foil. Gamma rays are the most difficult to stop and require concrete, lead, or other heavy shielding to block them.

Therefore, X = γ-ray; Y = α-particle; Z = β-particle

33.

The sensitivity of a thermometer is

A.

All of the above

B.

how quickly a temperature change can be detected

C.

the difference between the maximum and the minimum temperature

D.

the smallest temperature change that can be detected or measured

Correct answer is D

The sensitivity of a thermometer is defined as the smallest temperature change that can be detected or measured, NOT how quickly that temperature change can be detected.

In contrast, the difference between the maximum and the minimum temperature is the range of a thermometer

34.

An open-tube mercury manometer is used to measure the pressure in a gas tank. When the atmospheric pressure is 101,325 \(P_a\), what is the absolute pressure in \(P_a\) in the tank if the height of the mercury in the open tube is 25 cm higher. density of mercury = \(13600kg/m^3, g = 9.8m/s^2\)

A.

108,986 Pa

B.

165,238 Pa

C.

122,364 Pa

D.

134,645 Pa

Correct answer is D

density (ρ) = 13600 \(kgm^{-3}\); g =\(9.8 ms^{-2}\)

\(P_{atm}\) =101,325 Pa;  ρ=13600 \(kgm^{-3}\)


Pabs=\(P_{atm}\)+ρgh


⇒Pabs=101,325+13600 x 9.8 x 0.25
 

⇒Pabs=101,325+33320

⇒ Pabs=134,645Pa

35.

A beam of light travelling in water is incident on a glass which is immersed in the water. The incident beam makes an angle of \(40^o\) with the normal. Calculate the angle of refraction in the glass.

[Refractive index of water = 1.33, Refractive index of glass = 1.5]

A.

\(29.36^o\)

B.

\(25.37^o\)

C.

\(37.21^o\)

D.

\(34.75^o\)

Correct answer is D

\(n_1\)=1.33; \(n_2\)=1.5;  i=40°; r= ?

from snell's law:

\(n_1\) x sin i=\(n_2\)x sin r

⇒1.33 x sin 40°=1.5 x sin r

⇒sin r = 0.5700

⇒r = \(sin^{-1}\) (0.5700)

 ⇒ r = 34.75