WAEC Government Past Questions & Answers - Page 208

Political culture takes into account the attitudes, values, and beliefs that people in a society have about the political system, including standard assumptions about the way that government works. The building blocks of political culture include the beliefs, opinions, and emotions of the citizens toward their form of government.

The cognitive orientation represents our interpretation of personal experience in contact with the physical world

Totalitarianism is a political concept of a mode of government that prohibits opposition parties, restricts individual opposition to the state and its claims, and exercises an extremely high degree of control over public and private life.

TYPES OF SOVEREIGNTY

 1.Legal Sovereignty– This is the sovereignty vested on the law making body in a state. E.g. Parliament
2. Internal Sovereignty– This is the absolute power of a state to make and enforce law within its area of jurisdiction.
3. External Sovereignty– This refers to the power of the state to run its affairs without any form of foreign interference.
4. De jure Sovereignty– De jure sovereignty is having independent legal rule over one’s own country. The state have the right to control its military, finances, territory and people.
4. De Facto Sovereignty– This sovereignty make use of force in compelling obedience. However, such state might see itself as a sovereign state while other external nations might not. E.g. Military government.
5. Political Sovereignty (popular) – This sovereignty resides with the supreme body in a state. Political sovereignty lies with the electorates/ citizens.

1. Permanence– This is the major attribute of sovereignty. Sovereignty should exist as long as a state remain independent. Sovereignty is a permanent feature of a state unlike the government.
2. Absoluteness– Sovereignty is supreme and absolute. It is not subject to any control or interference.
3. Independence– Sovereignty doesn’t allow external interference , therefore, a sovereign state is independent and free from external control.
4. Indivisibility– The sovereignty of a state is indivisible. It remains single and absolute.
5. Unity– “Unity is the spirit of Sovereignty”. A sovereign state should stay united.
6. Comprehensiveness– Every member of the state is subject to the sovereignty of the state. The power of a state is universally applicable.

Democracy is a system of government by the whole population or all the eligible members of a state, typically through elected representatives.