JAMB Physics Past Questions & Answers - Page 69

341.

The process by which protons are converted into helium atoms with a tremendous release of energy is called?

A.

thermionic emission

B.

nuclear fission

C.

thermonuclear fusion

D.

photoelectric emission

Correct answer is C

Thermonuclear fusion is the process that occurs when two atoms combine to make a larger atom, creating a whole lot of energy. Fusion already happens naturally in stars — including the sun — when intense pressure and heat fuse hydrogen atoms together, generating helium and energy.

Thermionic emission: thermally induced flow of charge
Nuclear fission: nuclear reaction or a radioactive decay process
Photoelectric emission: emission of electrons or other free carriers when light shines on a material

342.

Which of the following phenomena is the practical evidence for the existence of the continual motion of molecules

A.

Transitional Motion

B.

Rotational Motion

C.

Brownian Motion

D.

Oscillatory Motion

Correct answer is C

Brownian motion, also called Brownian movement, any of various physical phenomena in which some quantity is constantly undergoing small, random fluctuations.
If a number of particles subject to Brownian motion are present in a given medium and there is no preferred direction for the random oscillations, then over a period of time the particles will tend to be spread evenly throughout the medium.

343.

Water of mass 150g at 60\(^o\)c is added to 300g of water at 20\(^o\)c and the mixture is well stirred. Calculate the temperature of the mixture.(neglect heat losses to the surroundings)

A.

33\(^o\)c

B.

40\(^o\)c

C.

25\(^o\)c

D.

10\(^o\)c

Correct answer is A

Water 1 => M = 150g = 0.15kg,

  θ\(_2\) = 60\(^o\)C; θ\(_1\) = θ

  Q\(_1\) = MC (θ\(_2\) – θ\(_1\))

  = 0.15C (60 - θ)

  Water 2 => M = 300g = 0.3kg

  θ1 = 20\(^o\)C, θ\(_2\) = θ

  Q2 = MC (θ\(_2\) – θ\(_1\))

  = 0.3C (θ – 20)

  Combining Q1 and Q2

  0.15C (60 - θ) = 0.3C (θ – 20)

  9 – 0.15θ = 0.3θ – 6

  0.3θ + 0.15θ = 9 + 6

  0.45 θ = 15

  θ = 33.33\(^o\)C

344.

Mercury which is spilled onto a glass surface forms ball-like shapes because____.

A.

Mercury is a metal

B.

The cohesive force between its molecules is greater than the adhesive force between mercury and glass molecules

C.

The cohesive force between its molecules is less than the adhesive force between mercury and glass molecules

D.

The viscosity of mercury is height

Correct answer is B

In case of small drops of mercury, the gravitational potential energy is negligible in comparison to the potential energy due to surface tension.Consequently, to keep the drop in equilibrium, the mercury drop’s surface tends to contract so that its surface area will be the least for a sphere and the drops will be spherical.

  But in the case of bigger drops of mercury, the potential energy due to gravity is predominant over the potential energy due to surface tension.Consequently, to keep equilibrium , the mercury drop tends to assume minimum potential energy as possible, the drop becomes oval in shape and lower center of gravity.

345.

A 40W instrument has a resistance 90 Ohms. On what voltage should it be operated normally

A.

60V

B.

150V

C.

225V

D.

360V

Correct answer is A

P = 40W

  R = 90W

  V = ?

  P = \(\frac{V^2}{R}\)

  V\(^2\) = PR = 40 x 90

  V\(^2\) = 3000

  V = √3600

  V = 60N