JAMB Islamic Religious Knowledge Past Questions & Answers - Page 63

Adalah means justice and denotes the Justice of God. It is among the five Shia Principles of the Religion. Shia Muslims believe that there is intrinsic good or evil in things, and that God commands them to do the good things and shun the evil.
Amanah means fulfilling or upholding trusts. Al- Amanah or "The Trust" has a broader Islamic meaning. It is the moral responsibility of fulfilling one's obligations due to Allah and fulfilling one's obligations due to Allah's slaves.

Religious syncretism exhibits blending of two or more religious belief systems into a new system, or the incorporation into a religious tradition of beliefs from unrelated traditions. It is contrasted by the idea of multiple religious belonging and polytheism, respectively.
The main points of contention between the most strongest 19th century West African States,13 (Sokoto and Borno) were:
-Whether aiding the Hausa states against the forces of the Sokoto Sultanate by Borno constituted unbelief or not.
-If so, would that be a sufficient reason for the Sokoto Sulatanate to declare Jihad against Borno?
-Whether such practices as corruption and syncretism etc. can lead to unbelief and render a country guilty for attack by another?
The primary materials used in this discussion were correspondences compiled by Sultan Muhammad Bello in his book Infaqul Maisur.

It is He who has sent down to you (Muhammad) S.A.W. The book (This Qur`an) in it are verse that are clear. They are the Mother of the Books.

al - Falaq is the 113th chapter (sūrah) of the Qur'an. It is a brief five verse invocation, asking God (Allah) for protection from the evil of Satan.
Surah An- Naas (Chapter of Mankind) is used for protection against the evils of Shaytan and the Jinn. It was revealed to Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) at a time when a witch had put a spell on him, causing him difficulties.

The type of Tafsir which uses the Qur'ān to explain the Qur'ān began during the time of prophet (S.A.W)