JAMB Biology Past Questions & Answers - Page 3

11.

Which of the following statements best describes pollination in plants?

A.

Pollination is the process of transferring pollen from the stigma to the anther of a flower

B.

Pollination is the process of transferring pollen from the anther to the stigma of a flower

C.

Pollination is the process of releasing pollen into the air for dispersal

D.

Pollination is the process of seed formation within a flower

Correct answer is B

Pollination in plants refers to the transfer of pollen from the anther (male reproductive organ) to the stigma (female reproductive organ) of a flower.

12.

Which of the following best describes the concept of trophic levels in a functioning ecosystem?

A.

The levels of ecological interactions within an ecosystem

B.

The levels of energy flow within an ecosystem

C.

The levels of nutrient cycling within an ecosystem

D.

The levels of biological diversity within an ecosystem

Correct answer is B

The concept of trophic levels in a functioning ecosystem refers to the levels of energy flow within the ecosystem. Trophic levels represent the hierarchical structure of feeding relationships within an ecosystem, with each level representing a different position in the food chain.

13.

Which of the following options correctly identifies excretory organs in animals?

A.

Stomach, intestines, and bladder

B.

Lungs, kidneys, and skin

C.

Brain, spinal cord, and nerves

D.

Heart, liver, and spleen

Correct answer is B

The correct identification of excretory organs in animals is lungs, kidneys, and skin.
Lungs play a vital role in excretion by eliminating carbon dioxide, a waste product of cellular respiration, through exhalation.
Kidneys are major excretory organs responsible for filtering blood and removing metabolic wastes, excess water, and dissolved solutes in the form of urine.
Skin, although primarily a protective organ, also participates in excretion. Sweating, through sweat glands in the skin, helps regulate body temperature and eliminates small amounts of metabolic waste such as urea and salts.

14.

Which of the following best describes physiological variation in biology?

A.

Variations in the physiological processes and functions of organisms

B.

Differences in physical characteristics and appearance within a population

C.

Differences in behavior and social interactions among individuals

D.

Variations in the genetic makeup of individuals within a species

Correct answer is A

Physiological variation in biology refers to the variations in the physiological processes and functions of organisms. Physiological variation encompasses the variations in the internal processes and functions of organisms, including metabolic processes, hormone regulation, immune responses, cellular functions, and physiological adaptations.

15.

Which of the following statements best describes courtship behaviors in animals?

A.

Courtship behaviors are solely performed by males to establish dominance within a social group

B.

Courtship behaviors involve displays and rituals performed by both males and females to attract a mate

C.

Courtship behaviors are primarily performed by females to attract males for mating

D.

Courtship behaviors are aggressive interactions between males competing for a female mate

Correct answer is B

The statement that best describes courtship behaviors in animals is that they involve displays and rituals performed by both males and females to attract a mate. Courtship behaviors play a crucial role in mate selection and reproductive success in many animal species. They involve a variety of displays, rituals, vocalizations, dances, or other behaviors that serve to communicate sexual receptivity, readiness, and attractiveness.