JAMB Islamic Religious Knowledge Past Questions & Answers - Page 18

The verse most commonly referred to with the topic of polygamy is Verse 3 of Surah 4 An-Nisa (Women). A translation by Yusuf Ali is shown below:
If ye fear that ye shall not be able to deal justly with the orphans, Marry women of your choice, Two or three or four; but if ye fear that ye shall not be able to deal justly (with them), then only one, or (a captive) that your right hands possess, that will be more suitable, to prevent you from doing injustice.- Qur'an, Sura 4 (An-Nisa), Ayah 3

The Makkan Chapters are those which were revealed in Makkah. This refers to everything revealed before the Migration to Madinah, even if the verse was revealed while the Prophet (ﷺ) was outside of the city of Makkah.
The Makkan Chapters are those which were sent down to address the people of Makkah. The Makkan verses are distinguished by strength and sternness in addressing the people because the people would turn away and show arrogance, so this suited their state. Read for example Al-Mudaththir and Al-Qamar. The Makkan verses are usually shorter, and are strong with their argument against the deniers (i.e. the idolators) and are appropriate to their condition at the time. Read At-Toor as an example.

It is believed upon Hudhayfah's request Uthman obtained the sheets of the Quran from Ḥafṣa and appointed a commission consisting of Zayd and three prominent Meccans, and instructed them to copy the sheets into several volumes based on the dialect of Quraysh, the main tribe of Mecca.
"Uthman bin Affan appointed a panel of four people to carry out the standardization of the Holy Qur`an. They include;
1.Zaid bin Thābit;
2.Abdullahi bin Zubair;
3. Sa'ad bin Al-ÁS
4.Abdul-Rahman bin Hārith"

During the time of Caliph Abu Bakr, when 70 people who knew the Quran by heart (qari), were killed in the Battle of Yamama, Umar ibn al-Khattab became concerned and appealed to Abu Bakr in order to compile the Quran into a book.
Abu Bakr formed a delegation under the leadership of Zaid ibn Thabit, one of the leading scribes.
This delegation of 12 people, including famous figures such as Uthman ibn Affan, Ali ibn Abi Talib, Talha ibn Ubaydullah, Abdullah ibn Masood, Ubayy ibn Kab, Khalid ibn al-Walid, Hudhaifah and Saleem, came together in Umar's house and collected all the materials on which verses from the Quran were written.

And the earth, We have spread it and [We] cast therein firm mountains and [We] caused to grow therein of every thing well-balanced.(Qur'an 15:19)