JAMB Islamic Religious Knowledge Past Questions & Answers - Page 17

Hijrah, (Arabic: "Migration" or "Emigration") the Prophet Muhammad's migration (622 CE) from Mecca to Yathrib (Medina) upon invitation in order to escape persecution.
Uthman Dan Fodio's appeal to justice and morality rallied the outcasts of Hausa society. He found his followers among the Fulbe and Fulani. The Fulbe and Fulani were primarily cattle pastoralists. These pastoralist communities were led by the clerics living in rural communities who were Fulfude speakers and closely connected to the pastoralists. The Fulani would later hold the most important offices of the new states. Hausa peasants, runaway slaves, itinerant preachers, and others also responded to Uthman's preaching. His jihad served to integrate a number of peoples into a single religio-political movement.
They were both inspired by Allah.

Riba is the unjustified increment in borrowing or lending money, paid in kind or in money above the amount of loan, as a condition imposed by the lender or voluntarily by the borrower. Riba defined in this way is called in fiqh riba al-duyun (debt usury). (Abdel-Rahman Yousri Ahmad).
Riba (Arabic: ربا ,الربا، الربٰوة‎ ) can be roughly translated as "usury", or unjust, exploitative gains made in trade or business under Islamic law. Riba is mentioned and condemned in several different verses in the Qur'an (3:130, 4:161, 30:39 and perhaps most commonly in 2:275-2:280). It is also mentioned in many hadith.

Sharia (Arabic: شريعة), Islamic law, or redundantly Sharia law is a religious law forming part of the Islamic tradition.It is derived from the religious precepts of Islam, particularly the Quran and the hadith. In Arabic, the term sharīʿah refers to God's immutable divine law and is contrasted with fiqh, which refers to its human scholarly interpretations

Malik ibn Anas, the founding figure of the Maliki school of jurisprudence, also known as "the school of the people of Madinah," was born at Madinah at the height of the Umayyad khilafah. Although Madinah had by his time long lost the political importance it had once had, the town remained the chief center of transmitted information about Islam in all the lands of the khilafah, because it was the original setting of the Prophet's mission in the crucial last ten years of his life, because the overwhelming majority of Muhammad's Companions had continued to reside there after his death, and because their descendants were still living there in Malik's time.

Although Shari'ah Law permits divorce, in the Hadith, Abdullah ibn Umar reported that the Prophet Muhammad said, The most detestable of lawful things before Allah is divorce. So although divorce is allowed, Muslims should try to avoid it, if possible.
This means that many Muslims who experience marital difficulties will try to resolve their issues. It is also because they have made a contract before God, called a nikah, to remain together for life and divorce would mean breaking that contract.