JAMB Biology Past Questions & Answers - Page 16

76.

Which of the following is an evolutionary trend commonly observed in organisms?

A.

Decreased complexity over time

B.

Increased dependence on external resources

C.

Increased genetic diversity within populations

D.

Decreased adaptation to the environment

Correct answer is C

Evolutionary trends generally involve changes that occur over time in a population or species. One commonly observed trend is an increase in genetic diversity within populations. Genetic diversity refers to the variety of genetic traits and variations present within a population. Increased genetic diversity can provide a population with a greater potential to adapt to changes in the environment, as it provides a wider range of genetic material for natural selection to act upon.

77.

Which of the following is NOT a part of the alimentary canal?

A.

Oesophagus

B.

Large intestine

C.

Liver

D.

Small intestine

Correct answer is C

The alimentary canal, also known as the digestive tract, is a long tube that extends from the mouth to the anus and is responsible for the digestion and absorption of food. The organs that are part of the alimentary canal include the mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, and large intestine. The liver produces bile, which aids in the digestion and absorption of fats, but its location is outside of the alimentary canal.

78.

Which of the following is an example of an adaptation for survival in social insects?

A.

Migration to warmer climates

B.

Production of venom for defense

C.

Formation of complex caste systems

D.

Hibernation during winter months

Correct answer is C

Social insects, such as ants, bees, wasps, and termites, exhibit complex social structures and behaviors that contribute to their survival and success as a colony. ocial insects organize themselves into specialized groups or castes, each with specific roles and functions. These castes can include workers, soldiers, drones, and queens. This division of labor and specialization enhances the efficiency of tasks within the colony, promoting survival and reproductive success.

79.

Which of the following is evidence of evolution?

A.

All of the above

B.

Similarities in embryonic development

C.

Fossils of extinct organisms

D.

Homologous structures in different species

Correct answer is A

All the options provided are evidence of evolution, which supports the idea that species have evolved and changed over time.

80.

The membrane around the vacuole is known as

A.

Elaioplast

B.

Amyloplast

C.

Tonoplast

D.

Cytoplast

Correct answer is C

The membrane around the vacuole is known as Tonoplast. The tonoplast is the cytoplasmic membrane surrounding a vacuole, separating the vacuolar contents from the cell's cytoplasm. It is also known as Vacuolar membrane.