JAMB Government Past Questions & Answers - Page 221

1,101.

The principle of checks and balances reinforces separation of powers in order to

A.

protect the powers of the executive

B.

make the legislature more powerful

C.

prevent an unconstitutional change of government

D.

prevent the emergence of dictatorship

Correct answer is D

The principle of checks and balances reinforces separation of powers in order to prevent the emergence of dictatorship.

Anyaele (1995) maintains that the principle of checks and balances prevents the excessive use of powers by the organs of government and that it also prevents the emergence of a dictator.

1,102.

A major way of maintaining confidence in the electoral process is by ensuring that

A.

electoral officers are regularly trained

B.

elections are conducted in a free and fair atmosphere

C.

unlimited franchise is made available

D.

elections are conducted as and when due

Correct answer is B

A major way of maintaining confidence in the electoral process is by ensuring that elections are conducted in a free and fair atmosphere. To ensure this, the following should be available.

1. Existence of an independent Electoral Commission.

2. Proper delimination of Constituencies

3. Proper registration and periodic revision of voters' register.

4. Secret voting and absence of victionization and intimidation.

5. One man one vote

6. Public counting of votes, and public declaration of result.

7. Adequate security

8. Opportunity for election petitions

9. Adequate electoral materials

10. Absence of rigging

1,103.

One of the features of a sovereign state is that it

A.

has the capacity to defend itself from external aggression

B.

has a large number of soldiers

C.

practises the presidential system of government

D.

is not indebted to other countries

Correct answer is A

One of the features of a Sovereign state is that it has the capacity to defend itself from external aggression.

It must have supreme power to enable it make and enforce laws A Sovereign State must be free from any form of external control eg. Political, military, economic and social control.

1,104.

A law passed by the legislature and assented by the executive is

A.

an act

B.

a presidential proclamation

C.

a decree

D.

a legislative order

Correct answer is A

A law passed by the legislature and assented by the executive is an act.

Decree is a law made by the Federal Military Government.

State And People by J.O. Murray (1961) defined Act as the name given to a Bill after it has passed through Parliament and become law. For instance Parliament. Act, 1911 (in British Constitution) which restricted the powers of the House of Lords.

1,105.

Centralization of power is the basic feature of

A.

federalism

B.

a confederation

C.

a presidential system

D.

a unitary government

Correct answer is D

Centralization of power is the basic feature of a Unitary government.

Centralization is the process by which government power is located in a single central authority. The highest degree of centralization is realized where all powers of government are vested in a central authority. The degree of centralization is highest in a unitary state.