JAMB Government Past Questions & Answers - Page 213

1,061.

Capitalism is a system of economic organization based on

A.

a mixed economy that takes all interests into consideration

B.

individual ownership of the means of production

C.

very fair distribution of the means of production

D.

trading among people who own and control their items of trade

Correct answer is B

Capitalism is a system of economic organization based on individual ownership of means of production.

It is an economic and political ideology which allows individual ownership and control of the means of production and to produce what they like. The guiding principle is profit maximization.

1,062.

The best form of government for a heterogeneous society is a

A.

quasi-federal system

B.

federal system

C.

confederal system

D.

unitary system

Correct answer is B

The best form of government for a heterogeneous society is a federal system.

It should also be noted that heterogeneity, different languages, customs and levels of political economic and social developments among the tribes play a prominent role in forcing confederal system of government on the people.

1,063.

A common feature of government is

A.

the separation of powers

B.

the making of public policy

C.

the independence of the judiciary

D.

a written constitution

Correct answer is B

A common feature of government is the making of public policy.

Government is made up of three arms the legislature, the executive and judiciary. The main function of the legislature is law making while that of the executive is formulation and implementation of policies

1,064.

The independence of the Judiciary can be undermined through the

A.

politicization of the appointment of judges

B.

appointment of the minister of justice as the Attorney-General

C.

confirmation of the appointment of judges by the legislature

D.

payment of the salaries of judicial officers by the government

Correct answer is A

 Independence of the judiciary has to do with the idea that courts should be separated from the Executive and Legislative arm of government. This independence is important to aid the judges to remain impartial to serve the constitution, act fairly, reasonably, free of any fear or favor. 

One way to ensure the independence of the judiciary is by not politicizing the appointments of judges. Judges should be non partisan and their appointments shouldn't be based off political affiliations. 

1,065.

One of the duties of the legislature is to

A.

implement laws

B.

adjudicate disputes

C.

promulgate decrees

D.

exercise oversight

Correct answer is D

Basically, the functions of the legislature under our constitution extend to the following key areas: a. lawmaking, b. control over state funds, c. oversights over the other branches of government in areas that are coterminous with the legislative powers, d. receipts and disposal of petitions, e. screening of nominees for executive appointments, f. quasi-judicial functions in indicting and impeaching the executive and g. protecting democracy by emphasizing representation as well as open debate of State affairs.