Chemistry questions and answers

Chemistry Questions and Answers

Learn more about the properties, composition, and structure of substances (elements and compounds) with these Chemistry questions and answers. This Test can be used by students preparing for Chemistry in JAMB, WAEC, NECO or Post UTME.

456.

X is a substance which liberates CO\(_2\) on treatment with concentrated H\(_2\)SO\(_4\). A warm solution of X can decolorize acidified KMnO\(_4\). X is

A.

HCOOH

B.

NaHCO\(_3\)

C.

FeCO\(_3\)

D.

H\(_2\)C\(_2\)O\(_4\)

Correct answer is D

It should be noted that for X to liberate CO\(_2\), X must be a carbonate or an oxalate. Since X decolorizes KMnO\(_4\), X must be an oxalate. 

Therefore, X is H\(_2\)C\(_2\)O\(_4\).

457.

Which of the following conditions will most enhance the spontaneity of a reaction?

A.

\(\Delta\)H is negative and greater than T\(\Delta\)S

B.

\(\Delta\)H is negative and \(\Delta\)S = 0

C.

\(\Delta\)H is positive and less than T\(\Delta\)S

D.

\(\Delta\)H is positive and equal to T\(\Delta\)S

Correct answer is A

No explanation has been provided for this answer.

458.

200cm\(^3\) of 0.50mol/dm\(^3\) solution of calcium hydrogen trioxocarbonate (IV) is heated. The maximum weight of solid precipitated is

A.

10g

B.

25g

C.

20g

D.

15g

Correct answer is A

Equation: Ca(HCO\(_3\))\(_2\) \(\to\) CaCO\(_3\) (precipitate) + H\(_2\)O + CO\(_2\) (in the presence of heat)

V = 200 cm\(^3\) = 0.2 dm\(^3\)

C = 0.5 mol/dm\(^3\) = 0.5M

N = CV \(\implies\) N = 0.5 \(\times\) 0.2

= 0.1 mole

From the equation 1 mole of Ca(HCO\(_3\))\(_2\) gives 100g of CaCO\(_3\)

(1 mole CaCO\(_3\) = 40 + 12 + (3 x 16) = 100g\)

0.1 mole of Ca(HCO\(_3\))\(_2\) gives x g of CaCO\(_3\).

\(\frac{1}{0.10} = \frac{100}{x}\)

\(x = 100 \times 0.10 = 10 g\)

459.

Which of the following sets of operation will completely separate a mixture of sodium chloride, sand and iodine?

A.

addition of water, filtration, evaporation to dryness and sublimation

B.

filtration, evaporation to dryness, addition of water and sublimation

C.

sublimation, filtration, evaporation and addition of water

D.

sublimation, addition of water, filtration and evaporation to dryness

Correct answer is A

Process:

Add water to the mixture and then filter. The resultant is a salt solution as your filtrate and a mixture of iodine and sand as your residue. Evaporate the filtrate to dryness to get your sodium chloride (salt). Heat the residue to sublime the iodine from the sand.

Addition of water \(\to\) Filtration \(\to\) Evaporation \(\to\) Sublimation.

460.

Methane is prepared in the laboratory by heating a mixture of sodium ethanoate with soda lime. The chemical constituent(s) of soda lime is/are

A.

Ca(OH)\(_2\) and NaOH

B.

Na\(_2\)CO\(_3\)

C.

NaCl

D.

NaOH

Correct answer is A

Soda lime is a mixture of caustic soda (NaOH) and lime water (Ca(OH)\(_2\)).