Mineral salts can be absorbed into roots by

A.

Osmosis only

B.

Osmosis and diffusion

C.

Diffusion and active transport

D.

Imbition only

Correct answer is C

Root hair cells are adapted to absorb the water out of the soil by osmosis– they have a large surface area, thin walls, and are close to the xylem cells used to transport water up the plant. Minerals such as nitrate ions cannot be absorbed by osmosis (which is the movement of water only) or diffusion (because the minerals are in very low concentration). The root hair cells have carrier molecules on their surface that pick up the minerals and move them into the cell against the concentration gradient. This requires energy, and is called active transport.