How well do you understand living things and their vital processes? Whether you are preparing for JAMB, WAEC, NECO and Post-UTME, these Biology past questions and answers cover such subjects as the chemistry of life, botany, evolution, genetics, ecology etc to help you know what to expect, improve your speed and confidence and be really prepared for the actual aptitude test.
Which of the following is a male reproductive organ in humans?
Uterus
Ovary
Testis
Fallopian tube
Correct answer is C
The testis is a male reproductive organ in humans. It is responsible for producing sperm cells and secreting the male sex hormone testosterone. The testes are located within the scrotum, outside the abdominal cavity.
The theory of evolution can be defined as
The belief that all species were created in their current form
The hypothesis that organisms strive to improve themselves over generations
The idea that species change over time through natural processes
The concept that evolution occurs through a series of sudden and dramatic changes
Correct answer is C
The theory of evolution is a scientific explanation for the diversity of life on Earth. It states that species change over time through a process known as natural selection. This theory, proposed by Charles Darwin and Alfred Russel Wallace in the 19th century, suggests that populations of organisms evolve over generations in response to changes in their environment.
What is autotrophic nutrition?
Nutrition in which organisms obtain food by breaking down complex organic compounds
Nutrition in which organisms obtain food from other organisms
Nutrition in which organisms obtain food by consuming both plants and animals
Nutrition in which organisms produce their own food using energy from the sun or inorganic substances
Correct answer is D
Autotrophic nutrition refers to the ability of organisms to synthesize their own food molecules from simple inorganic substances such as carbon dioxide and water.
Which processes are involved in nutrient cycling in a functioning ecosystem?
Erosion, weathering, and sedimentation
Decomposition, evaporation, and precipitation
Nitrogen fixation, denitrification, and ammonification
Respiration, photosynthesis, and transpiration
Correct answer is C
Nitrogen fixation: This process involves the conversion of atmospheric nitrogen gas (N2) into a usable form, such as ammonium (NH4+), by nitrogen-fixing bacteria or through lightning. This makes nitrogen available for plants and other organisms.
Denitrification: Denitrifying bacteria convert nitrates (NO3-) back into atmospheric nitrogen gas (N2), completing the nitrogen cycle. Denitrification occurs under anaerobic conditions, such as in waterlogged soils or sediments.
Ammonification: Ammonification is the process by which decomposers, like bacteria and fungi, break down organic nitrogen compounds from dead organisms and waste products into ammonium (NH4+). This ammonium can then be used by plants and other organisms.
Which type of reproduction involves the fusion of gametes from two parents?
Sexual reproduction
Asexual reproduction
Binary fission
Budding
Correct answer is A
Sexual reproduction involves the fusion of gametes from two parents, typically a male and a female. In this process, specialized cells called gametes (sperm and egg) are produced through meiosis. The fusion of these gametes during fertilization leads to the formation of a zygote, which develops into a new individual with a combination of genetic traits from both parents.