JAMB Chemistry Past Questions & Answers - Page 59

Between the five main minerals found in clay, kaolinite is the most common. Kaolinite holds the chemical composition Al\(_{2}\) Si\(_{2}\)O\(_{5}\)(OH)\(_{4}\) and is an aluminum silicate material with a low “shrink-swell” capacity. It is a soft, white mineral but is often colored orange or red by iron oxide found in the soil.

H \(_2\) S + Cl \(_2\) → 2HCl + S

  Please note: substance oxidized or reduced are always the reactants. So, one can easily cross out the two products.

  Reduction is

  1. Addition of hydrogen

  2. Removal of Oxygen

  3. Addition of Electron

  Oxidation is

  1. Removal of hydrogen

  2. Addition of hydrogen

  3. Removal of Electron

  From the question we can see that H was added to Cl in the product, thereby making hydrogen to be removed from S in the reactant hence S is oxidized as a result of the removal of hydrogen and Cl \(_2\) has been reduced due to addition of hydrogen.

Cl \(_2\) is reduced

The periodic number table is arranged in order of atoms increasing atomic number

Bacteria of the genus Propionibacterium produce propionic acid (Propanoic Acid) as the end-product of their anaerobic metabolism. This class of bacteria is commonly found in the stomach of ruminants and the sweat glands of humans, and their activity is partially responsible for the odour of both Swiss cheese and sweat.

Alkanones also known as ketones have the general formula R\(_2\)CO