JAMB Biology Past Questions & Answers - Page 4

16.

Which of the following plant tissues is responsible for transporting water and nutrients from the roots to the rest of the plant?

A.

Mesophyll

B.

Xylem

C.

Epidermis

D.

Phloem

Correct answer is B

Xylem is the plant tissue responsible for transporting water and nutrients from the roots to the rest of the plant.

17.

Which of the following is a method of asexual reproduction in plants?

A.

Pollination

B.

Vegetative propagation

C.

Seed dispersal

D.

Fertilization

Correct answer is B

Vegetative propagation is a method of asexual reproduction in plants. It refers to the production of new plants from vegetative structures, such as stems, leaves, or roots, without the involvement of seeds or spores. This method allows plants to produce genetically identical offspring to the parent plant.

18.

Which of the following statements is true regarding sexual reproduction in organisms?

A.

It involves the fusion of gametes from two parents, resulting in offspring with genetic variation

B.

It involves the production of offspring through a single parent, resulting in genetically identical offspring

C.

It is a form of asexual reproduction where offspring are produced without the involvement of gametes

D.

It does not involve the formation of gametes or the fusion of reproductive cells

Correct answer is A

The statement that is true regarding sexual reproduction in organisms is that it involves the fusion of gametes from two parents, resulting in offspring with genetic variation. Sexual reproduction involves the production of haploid gametes (sperm and eggs) by two parents, which then fuse during fertilization to form a genetically diverse offspring.

19.

Germination is the process in which a seed

A.

Begins to photosynthesize

B.

Develops into a mature plant

C.

Absorbs nutrients from the soil

D.

Breaks dormancy and starts to grow

Correct answer is D

Germination refers to the process by which a seed breaks dormancy and starts to grow into a new plant. Germination occurs when a seed is exposed to favorable environmental conditions, including proper moisture, oxygen availability, and suitable temperature.

20.

Which of the following eye defects is caused by the inability of the eye to focus light on the retina?

A.

Glaucoma

B.

Myopia

C.

Cataracts

D.

Astigmatism

Correct answer is B

Myopia, also known as nearsightedness, is an eye defect characterized by the inability of the eye to focus light on the retina. Myopia is characterized by the ability to see nearby objects clearly while distant objects appear blurred. It occurs when the eyeball is elongated or the cornea is too curved, causing the incoming light to focus in front of the retina instead of directly on it.