JAMB Economics Past Questions & Answers - Page 4

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16.

Which of the following shows why individual demand curve for a good usually slopes downward from left to right?

A.

More of commodities are offered for sale at a lower than higher prices

B.

Marginal utility falls as consumption increases

C.

The higher the price, the higher the quantity offered for sale

D.

Prices are usually falling when demand is low

Correct answer is A

A normal demand curve slopes downward from left to right indicating at higher price, less quantity will be demanded and vice versa.

17.

Agriculture accounts for about 60% of the

A.

Commodity market in West Africa

B.

Arable land in West Africa

C.

Active labour force in West Africa

D.

Service sector activities in West Africa

Correct answer is C

Agriculture accounts for about 60% of the active labour force in West Africa. This is because a large portion of the population in West Africa is engaged in farming and other agricultural activities for their livelihood. The other options are incorrect as agriculture does not account for 60% of the arable land, service sector activities, or the commodity market in West Africa.

18.

When a kilogram of carrot is #8.00, 20 kilograms are demanded and when the price decreased to #6.000 per kilogram, 30 kilograms are demanded. The elasticity of demand equals to

A.

11

B.

12

C.

\(\frac{1}{2}\)

D.

2

Correct answer is D

Explanation

e = \(\frac{∆Q}{∆P}\times\frac{p}{q}\)



where ∆Q = Q2 - Q1 and ∆P = P2 - P1
 

e = \(\frac{30 - 20}{6 - 8}\times\frac{8}{20}\)



= -2 since price elasticity of demand is always positive, then e = 2

19.

Calculate the equilibrium level of national income (Y) where Y = C + I + G; C = 100 + 0.75Y; I = 50; G = 200

A.

2000

B.

100

C.

1500

D.

1400

Correct answer is D

y = \(\frac{a + i + G}{1 - b}\)



where b = 0.75
 

= \(\frac{100 + 50 + 200}{1 - 075}\)


= \(\frac{350}{0.25}\)



= 1400

Alternatively:
Y = C + I + G
Y = 100 + 0.75Y + 50 + 200
Y - 0.75Y = 350
Y( 1 - 0.75) = 350
 

= \(\frac{350}{0.25}\)


Y = 1400

 

20.

From the graph above, the consumer is at equilibrium at point

A.

K

B.

I

C.

M

D.

J

Correct answer is A

The consumer is at equilibrium is at point k where the slope of the indifference curve is tangential to the budget line.